Industrial Wastewater Reuse
Driven by both the national “dual carbon” goals and the water resource security strategy, industrial wastewater reuse has become an important path to achieving sustainable development. In this context, membrane technology has become a key technology for achieving differentiated reuse. A combined process (such as UF+NF+RO) using ultrafiltration (UF) as pretreatment, nanofiltration (NF) to selectively separate divalent and monovalent salts, and reverse osmosis (RO) for deep desalination can achieve tiered wastewater reuse, meeting the technical requirements of the “Technical Guidelines for Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse” (GB/T 32327-2015) and achieving industry water reuse targets. FFM provides a full range of membrane products covering ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis, which are widely used in various industrial wastewater reuse fields.
Typical Water Quality
Industrial wastewater exhibits the following significant characteristics: 1. Complex composition: It contains a wide variety of toxic and harmful substances, complex components of recalcitrant organic matter, and high salt content; some industrial wastewater contains oil or emulsions. 2. Large concentration variations: COD concentrations fluctuate from 500 to 50,000 mg/L, BOD/ICOD ratios are low (mostly less than 0.3), and biodegradability is poor. 3. High toxicity: It contains highly toxic substances such as cyanide and benzene compounds; some wastewater exhibits biological inhibition. 4. Varied physicochemical properties: It has a wide pH range of 1-13, high temperatures (>50°C), or high suspended solids and high hardness, significantly increasing the difficulty of process selection and daily operation in treatment systems.
Typical Process Flow
Industrial wastewater undergoes a series of treatments: pretreatment (removal of suspended solids and adjustment of pH/volume), biological treatment (degradation of COD and ammonia phosphorus), and advanced treatment (advanced oxidation + adsorption to remove recalcitrant substances). After ultrafiltration (UF) pretreatment, the wastewater enters a reverse osmosis (RO) system for permeate reuse. The concentrated wastewater undergoes physicochemical pretreatment (removal of suspended solids, hardness, and chloride ions) followed by advanced oxidation (removal of recalcitrant COD). Finally, after ultrafiltration (UF) pretreatment, nanofiltration (NF) is used for salt separation. The nanofiltration permeate is further concentrated by reverse osmosis (RO) before entering an evaporation and crystallization system, achieving salt resource recovery and zero discharge. (Note: This process is a general-purpose process. Further analysis is required for different types of industrial wastewater. Please contact our technical staff if needed.)
Typical membrane elements
Ultrafiltration membrane modules, Nanofiltration membrane modules, Reverse osmosis membrane modules. See product center for membrane element models and application cases for case studies.
